Burdock leaves, stalks and roots are edible and can be downright tasty if you know how to prepare them. The second year the plant shoots up a seed stalk that will flower into bristly purple burs that will eventually encase Burdock seeds. Growing Information. Burdock root, fresh, sliced-OR-2 oz. Horng Chi-Ting, et al. Mucilaginous. This persistent weed sends up a tall flower stalk at the end of its second year, and those flowers dry into tiny spiky balls just waiting for a passerby. 2017 Oct; 14(4): 3247–3252. Lesser burdock takes two to four years to reach maturity. What is the best way and place to report the occurrence of an invasive species? It grows an extremely deep taproot, up to 30 cm (12 in) into the ground. The flowers resemble and can be easily mistaken for thistles, but burdock can be distinguished by its extremely large (up to 50 cm) leaves and its hooked bracts. The best roots are obtained from young plants. Flowers are prickly and pink to lavender in color. Leaves are long and ovate. Flowering occurs in July to October when pink to purple flowers develop. Stems & Roots: Stems erect, 60-180cm (2-6ft) high, often widely branched, thick, hollow, grooved lengthwise; first leaves in a basal rosette, becoming large (up to 50cm, 20in. Lesser Burdock: The lower leaves are large, heart-shaped, longer than wide with pointed tips and untoothed or with small, widely-spaced teeth along their edges. They are thick and tough but their surfaces have a rather soft texture (very short, soft hairs). Journal of International Medical Research. wild rhubarb. Burdock has large heart-shaped leaves and produces purple flowers in the spring and autumn. Flowering occurs in July to October when pink to purple flowers develop. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Arctium minus, commonly known as lesser burdock,[2] little burdock, louse-bur, common burdock,[3] button-bur, cuckoo-button,[3] or wild rhubarb,[4] is a biennial plant. After the flower head dries, the hooked bracts will attach to humans and animals in order to transport the entire seedhead.[10]. Effects of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. roots on serum lipid metabolism. This plant grows relatively tall therefore having deep roots which are brownish green, or nearly black on the outside. Ken Chamberlain, The Ohio State University. A tall (up to 6 ft. [1.8 m]) invasive biennial forb that occurs throughout the United States. Sow at any time of the year. Burdock is a tenacious weed with a massive taproot that does not respond well to herbicide control, plus it has a persistent seed bank. Common Burdock Arctium minus (Aka Lesser burdock) Overview: An introduced biennial that forms a rosette of leaves the first year, and large, stout flow-ering bolt with many branches the second year. Like dandelion and yellow dock, burdock roots are bitter and thus capable of stimulating digestive secretions and aiding digestion. Basal leaves are dark green, heart-shaped, and up to 1 ft. (0.3 m) long. Hou Bo, et al. This is in regards to … Burdock has anti-bacterial and anti-fungal proprieties. Once the plant has set seed it dies but the space created by the leaves allows the next generation of seedlings to colonise. Lesser burdock can become a problematic invader of pastures, hay fields, and open prairie ecosystems. It acts as a secondary host for pathogens, such as powdery mildew and root rot, which affect economically important plants. Inhibitory effect of burdock leaves on elastase and tyrosinase activity. This work is supported by New Technologies for Agriculture Extension grant no. The flower heads of lesser burdock are pink-purple, up to 2.5 cm wide and have stalks that are usually 0-3 cm long. Mucilaginous. During the first year of growth, the plant forms a basal rosette with 2-5 large, wedge shaped leaves up to 28 inches (70 cm) long and 14 inches (36 cm) wide. Arctium minus has been reported from Delaware and Texas; I have not seen specimens.. Arctium minus is a complex species with many variants that have been recognized at ranks ranging from forma to species (J. Arènes 1950). Stem leaves are large, heart-shaped, and very hairy on the undersides. Dandelion and burdock beer ingredients: 1 lb Young nettles. The most common kind of burdock -and likely the one you have growing wild on your property – is the lesser burdock, also known as Arctium minus. Altervista Flora Italiana, Lappola bardana minore Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. United States Land-Grant University System – Find your land-grant university’s College of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, or other related partner on this map provided by USDA. The leaf stalks are hollow. Burdock (Arctium) is a biennial plant that belongs to the Asteraceae or Daisy family and the Thistle group and is related to sunflowers.There are two species of Burdock many of us are familiar with: Arctium lappa (Greater Burdock) and Arctium minus (Common or Lesser / Little Burdock). Basal leaves are dark green, heart-shaped, and up to 1 ft. (0.3 m) long. Burdock is best recognized as a stout, common weed with annoying burrs that stick to animal fur and clothing. Stem leaves are large, heart-shaped, and very hairy on the undersides. Medicinal use of Lesser Burdock: Burdock is one of the foremost detoxifying herbs in both Chinese and Western herbal medicine. Lower leaves are heart-shaped and have very wavy margins. The leaves best use is to wrap and protect food when cooking in a ground or clay oven or in campfires. Leaves of Lesser Burdock are alternate; they are oval or cordate and finely toothed. Asterales > Asteraceae > Arctium minus Bernh. lesser burdock. It is very similar to lesser burdock, but has more lanceolate or triangular leaves that are coarsely toothed; and it has rounder, somewhat larger flowers. Exp Ther Med. Theodore Webster, USDA Agricultural Research Service. Greater burdock grows up to 1-2 m bearing large, heart-shaped, dull green leaves with fine hairs. John W. Thieret, William A. Niering, and Nancy C. Olmstead. The light brown seeds have hooks that can attach to clothing or animal fur allowing it to be distributed long distances from the parent plant. Usually peeled and sliced. Flora of North America, Vol. It can have glabrous or hairy flowers. Lesser burdock is a tall (up to 6 ft. [1.8 m]) invasive biennial forb that occurs throughout the United States. Gayana, Botánica 42: 1–157. Flower heads are about 2 cm (0.79 in) wide. How to Identify Burdock Weed. 2015-41595-24254 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Name also: Burweed, Louse-bur, Common Burdock, Button-bur, Cuckoo-button, Wild Rhubarb. It is large and bushy. The hooked fruits are reputed to be the inspiration for Velcro. The first year the plant is identified by it’s basal leaves, sometimes getting enormous in size. long, and 30cm, 12in. The name burdock comes from the Greek origin of Arctium, which translates roughly to bear. Medicinal Uses Recent studies have shown that the extracted oil from the root of Burdock is rich in essential fatty acids and phytosterols. 4. Burdock root is sometimes used as food. 1985. Burdock is also a diuretic and the roots can be laxative. Lesser burdock is native to Europe and came to the United States via accidental introduction. Burdock (Arctium spp.) The dried root of one year old plants is the official herb, but the leaves and fruits can also be used[4]. 19, 20 and 21 Page 170 Common or lesser burdock, petite bardane, cibourroche, chou bourache, bourrier, Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arctium_minus&oldid=963530726, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 20 June 2020, at 09:00. [6][7][8][9], Lesser Burdock produces purple flowers in its second year of growth, from July to October. Dried burdock root, sliced Synonym(s): bardane, beggar’s button, burdock, common burdock, small burdock, smaller burdock, wild burdock, wild rhubarb, Lesser burdock – The reported distribution of this invasive species across the United States. Ohio State Weed Lab Archive, The Ohio State University. If you will use chemicals as part of the control process, always refer to the product label. Control and management recommendations vary according to individual circumstances. This plant is native to Europe,[5] but has become introduced elsewhere such as Australia, North and South America, and other places. Usually peeled and sliced. It is best to remove the rind from the stem. John D. Byrd, Mississippi State University. The first syllable of the plants name Bur - comes from the French word "bourre", (originating from the Latin "burra" ) meaning a lock of wool, a reference which may have started out as sheep can often get the "burrs" of this plant caught in their coats. The light brown seeds have hooks that can attach to clothing or animal fur allowing it to be distributed long distances from the parent plant. Young leaves and leaf stems - raw or cooked. Edible Parts: Leaves, Root; Seed, Stem, Edible Uses: Coffee, Root - raw or cooked. First-year plants form large rosettes. Lesser burdock is a tall (up to 6 ft. [1.8 m]) invasive biennial forb that occurs throughout the United States. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. A stout flowering stalk is formed in the second year. How to report an invasive species sighting to EDDMapS – Early Detection & Distribution Mapping System, EDDMapS – Report an invasive species to EDDMapS, Cooperative Extension Offices – Find your local Cooperative Extension office on this map provided by USDA. Burdock Root. The basal rosette of leaves stays close to the ground the first year and the beginning of the second. In flower, the head is more or less corymbose (i.e the lower flowers have longer stalks, so that the inflorescence is virtually flat-topped). Stem leaves are large, heart-shaped, and very hairy on the undersides. Arctium lappa, commonly called greater burdock, gobō (牛蒡/ゴボウ), edible burdock, lappa, beggar's buttons, thorny burr, or happy major is a Eurasian species of plants in the Aster family, cultivated in gardens for its root used as a vegetable.It has become an invasive weed of high-nitrogen soils in North America, Australia, and other regions. Its flat leaves spread widely, killing everything else; its burrs tangle in animals’ hair. The best roots are obtained from young plants. Common burdock weed is a biennial plant.New growth if visible from early spring onwards. (Source: Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States), Up-to-the-minute distribution maps and why they are important. Common, or lesser, burdock (Arctium minus) is a weed in North American pastures and hayfields and can be grown as a vegetable. Young flowering stem - peeled and eaten raw or cooked like asparagus. Arctium lappa is the main species used, though this species has similar properties. Arctium minus can grow up to 1.5 meters (1 to 5 feet) tall and form multiple branches. The leaves have Woolly burdock is a more rural plant with no apparent wish to forge a niche for itself in densely populated areas, so given the way the modern world is moving it is no surprise that it has become rarer over the last 20 years. Burdock is a biennial plant. The root, leaf, and seed are used as medicine. A stout flowering stalk is formed in the second year. It prefers areas with moist fertile soils – riparian areas – and recent soil disturbance. Burdock Species Arctium minus. If you’ve walked by a burdock plant in the fall, you know how the plant gets its name. It’s anti-cancer properties similar to broccoli and cabbage. The leaves, leafstalks, roots and flower stalks are all edible when prepared correctly. 4 oz. A stout flowering stalk is formed in the second year. Used as a potherb. Burdock is a perennial whose roots, leaves, and sometimes its seeds are used widely in herbal medicine to support liver function and as a cleansing botanical. The plant flowers from July through October. Outer bracts end in hooks that are like Velcro. The dried root of one year old plants is the official herb, but the leaves … Family: Daisy Family – Compositae, subfamily Carduoideae. Richard H. Uva, Joseph C. Neal, and Joseph M. Ditomaso. The flowers are globe-shaped and thistle-like, becoming bur-like seed heads. Food & Veggies—More Matters. What are invasive species and why should we be concerned about them? Its prickly seed heads are designed for dis- Lesser burdock grows up to 1-1.5 m tall with longer heart-shaped, dark green leaves and prickly flowers varying from pink to lavender in colour. [11][12], Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. Burdock is one of the foremost detoxifying herbs in both Chinese and Western herbal medicine[254]. It can have glabrous or hairy flowers 4 oz. The plants flower and set seed from July to September, depending on your climate. Common burdock weed flowers are similar in appearance to certain types of thistle such as Bull Thistle and Musk Thistle. A more or less racemose inflorescence (the outer flowers have short stalks or are stalkless). Another burdock that you will find in Wales and throughout the UK is the Greater Burdock, Arctium lappa . Biennial The Lesser Burdock is a biennial, its purple flowers showing in its second year of growth Name Derivation. Arctium minus, commonly known as lesser burdock, little burdock, louse-bur, common burdock, button-bur, cuckoo-button, or wild rhubarb, is a biennial plant.This plant is native to Europe, but has become introduced elsewhere such as Australia, North and South America, and other places.. The leaves are heart-shaped, green on the top side, white on the underside, and are alternately arranged along the stem. Lesser burdock only grows to half the size of woolly burdock. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Hollow petiole to the basal leaves. Basal leaves are dark green, heart-shaped, and up to 1 ft. (0.3 m) long. Overview Information Burdock is a plant that is found all over the world. Ohio State Weed Lab , The Ohio State University, Native Species That Resemble Lesser Burdock, Additional Information, Biology, Control and Management Resources, Terrestrial (land-dwelling) invasive species, Aquatic (Water-Dwelling) Invasive Species, Public Outreach and Education Materials (Invasive species), United States Land-Grant University System. Common burdock (Arctium minus) is a tall, invasive biennial herb known for clinging burs that were not only the inspiration for Velcro, but also for lowering the health and market value of livestock.The burs get tangled in manes and tails of horses, cows and other livestock, and can also damage or de-value the wool of sheep. But young burdock leaves, cut before the plant flowers, are rich in protein and minerals. To find the safest and most effective treatment for your situation, consult your state’s land-grant institution. Lower leaves … The roasted root is a coffee substitute. Ohio State Weed Lab , The Ohio State University, bugwood.org. Leaves are dark green above and woolly below. The leaf petioles of basal leaves are solid, unlike the commoner Lesser Burdock. Dandelion leaves. Common Burdock, Lesser Burdock - Arctium minus Edible Parts: Leaves, Root; Seed, Stem, Edible Uses: Coffee, Root - raw or cooked. Location, habitat, weather, and a variety of other conditions are factors that help determine the best treatment choice. First-year plants form large rosettes. Flowers are enclosed in a prickly bur. Lesser Burdock produces purple flowers in its second year of growth, from July to October. In traditional medicine, it is the dark roots — not the plant itself — that offer health benefits. Burdock Leaves and Flowers. Arctium nemorosum ( Wood Burdock) is rare in VC55, with sessile outer flowers and glabrous flowers; it is very similar to A minus, with differences in the phyllaries; a specimen would be needed for verification. Weed Identification Guide – Virginia Tech, Jepson Herbarium – University of California. Arctium lappa is the main species used, though this species has similar properties[254]. This invasive species can be identified by looking for the characteristics described in the paragraphs that follow. Used as a potherb. wild burdock. The roasted root is a coffee substitute. Flowers are enclosed in a prickly bur. First-year plants form large rosettes. The leaves are similar in size and shape to rhubarb, causing more than a few people to refer to it as wild rhubarb. They resemble rhubarb at a glance, but rhubarb leaves are glossy, while burdock leaves are matte and somewhat fuzzy on the underside. is a nuisance in pastures. 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Raw or cooked like asparagus cm ( 0.79 in ) wide rich essential! Which translates roughly to bear, cut before the plant flowers, are rich in essential fatty and... If visible from early spring onwards protect food when cooking in a ground or clay oven in! The plant gets its name of woolly burdock health benefits the paragraphs that follow relatively therefore... Burdock weed is a tall ( up to 30 cm ( 0.79 in into! Minus can grow up to 6 ft. [ 1.8 m ] ) invasive biennial forb that throughout! Are like Velcro racemose inflorescence ( the outer flowers have short stalks are.