The most widely used model for personality - the Big Five - is explored in an extensive 2005 study by Robert McCrae and 79 collaborators around the world. Differences among cultures Eastern Vs. Western Cultures Eastern cultures are seen as collectivists so therefore they show less emotion or show emotions in private settings in order to keep the well-being of the group in tact. Everybody was quiet and agreed. Every culture has its own pons and cons. Apart from geographical locations, these two parts of the world have differences in their way of life and the approach to life in general. That is why it is important to have knowledge of these different ways of communicating. There are two areas in which the world is divided when speaking about religions, Eastern and Western. . With global strategies taking precedence in the. We should respect both and follow our own culture. Disclaimers: general & stereotypical—not all items do not apply to all Asians/ Asian Americans or … Eastern individuals, however, tend to use spiral thinking patterns, and this difference must be remembered at all times. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. Western and Eastern Educational Philosophies . Forget the 7% rule by Albert Mehrabian (UCLA) claiming that 93% of communication is nonverbal (55% attributed to body language and 38% attributed to tone/music of voice). Meanwhile, Eastern culture is emphasized on religion and social norm. There has been done many research on the topic how to deal with these communication differences. Hope breeds peace." Personality can affect the way you relate, and in extension communicate, with the people around you. ☆ Exploring a different culture is one of the most rewarding activities anyone can throw themselves into. East vs West: How workplace communication is affected by culture. The interpretation of nonverbal communication can also cause conflicts, especially because of differences in displaying emotions. Find out more about how you can adapt Pigeonhole Live to your needs, How to Organise Unique Hybrid Events of Any Size. Direct communication styles make the author’s intentions obvious—they say exactly what they mean—and generally use a tone of voice that is forthright. In 2015, artist and visual designer Yang Liu published a book entitled East Meets West. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. The paper revealed that there is a pattern of similar personality types in cultural groups. As a manager, it is essential to listen to your employees, especially in a multi-national and multi-cultural team. While Eastern schools of thought have reputations for their tranquility and clarity of vision, they tend toward collectivism vs. western individualism. When there are different ways of communication, miscommunication and conflict is not uncommon. The Eastern Church vs. the Western Church In the year 1054, due to political, cultural and religious reasons, the Great Schism divided Christianity into the Eastern Church (the Orthodox Church) and the Western Church (the Catholic Church). Debunk interning in eastern cultures vs. western cultures with GoAbroad. This section is an introduction, which gives a general account of the importance of cross-cultural communication, purpose of this thesis, and the significance of the thesis. If you think you may miss a deadline or be late to a meeting, communication is key. In 1990, at the age of 13, she moved from Beijing, to Berlin. Upload; Login; Signup; Submit Search. It is called “lineal view of time”. People from Western cultures on the other hand are more individualistic and use low context communication, meaning they use concrete language and direct communication to get their point across. Eastern employees also prefer to keep their opinion to themselves rather than losing their face. A person’s approach to leadership could also depend on one’s culture, according to Caroline Rook, former INSEAD Dutch Alumni Fellow. The difference in Power distance and protecting your image is clearly visible between eastern and western cultures. ISBN: 978-0 … As a result of the Schism, differences increased between the two. , with the people around you. Eastern vs. Western Culture Mendy Wang（王曼迪） s we know, the differences between Eastern and Western cultures are numerous, because Eastern and Western people not only live in different environments but also are educated in distinctively different ways. Because it will expand your territory of leadership”. While the Eastern culture gives importance to respect, the Western culture has its own priorities and it prefers success. According to renowned anthropologist Edward Hall, you can differentiate intercultural communication by defining each culture by the value they place on indirect or direct communication. Eastern Cultures are often perceived as high context cultures where collectivism is important. 10. For those interested in working in China, here are eight cultural contrasts between Eastern and Western cultures to better prepare your cross-cultural transition. * First, Western Culture are more liberals than Eastern one. People from Western cultures on the other hand are more individualistic and use low context communication, meaning they use concrete language and direct communication to get their point across. The selection is a valuable reference for researchers interested in the Eastern and Western perspectives of communication theory. by Robert McCrae and 79 collaborators around the world. Bibliography Alkhazraji, K. M., Gardner III, W. L.(1997) The acculturation of immigrants to U.S. organizations. For those interested in working in China, here are eight cultural contrasts between Eastern and Western cultures to better prepare your cross-cultural transition. Low-context cultures value direct communication with the message spelled out loud as clearly as possible, while high context cultures rely more on indirect communication, also taking into account background information and subtext. Most westerners will speak openly with honesty and are always to the point. While everyone has different personalities, studies have shown that the country you live in may increase the likelihood of you developing a particular personality type. An Asian manager wants the employee to be loyal to the company and to him, without showing own initiative, while a western employee would want to be able to show his skills and to pursue personal fulfilment. There are also differences in the way of maintaining face. Eastern culture has a circular view of the universe that is based upon the perception of eternal recurrence whereas Western culture has a linear view of the universe that is based on the Christian philosophy that everything has a beginning and an end. If you ask designer Yang Liu, it's better to keep things simple. Low-context cultures value direct communication with the message spelled out loud as clearly as possible, while high context cultures rely more on indirect communication, also taking into account background information and subtext. As a graduate student, psychologist Jim Stigler went to East Asia to research teaching methods and learn more about the differences between Eastern and Western learning styles. Rudyard Kipling, the well know English poet, was struck by this difference and expressed the view that the two can never live together and co-operate as equals.Let us here first consider the salient features of the Eastern and Western cultures, and then examine how far the view expressed by Kipling in correct. Difference between chinese and western ***, Eastern and Western comparison on ways of viewing things, Difference Between Chinese and Western Culture, Communication Differences Between Eastern and Western, General culture comparison 2 : Chinese features, General culture comparison 1 : Western features. Eastern culture uses the spiritual and missionary approach of searching inside oneself for answers through meditation whereas western culture takes on a pragmatic and emotional approach in searching outside oneself through research and analysis. Larger than Life status of leaders: Therefore it is crucial in intercultural communication to have knowledge about different ways of communication so that it will be easier to understand and interpret what other people mean when they communicate. The European continent can be divided into several regions, depending on various geopolitical, geographical, cultural, and socioeconomic factors. Change ). In high context cultures people use a lot of indirect and nonverbal communication and are mostly collectivistic. Major Difference Between Western & Eastern Thought on Education. East versus West. The artist, Yang Liu, depicts the complexity of cross-cultural communication in her work “East Meets West”, analyzing the stark contrasts between Chinese and German customs. As their names imply, Western Europe refers to the west part of Europe and Eastern Europe refers to the East part of Europe. experimentally manipulated the salience of Western versus Eastern culture. Being explicit and unambiguous is usually the priority. Eastern students have low willingness to communicate and are not willing to communicate, which directly leads to weak communication skills. While Eastern schools of thought have reputations for their tranquility and clarity of vision, they tend toward collectivism vs. western individualism. How Eastern and Western Cultures Tackle Learning describes the experience of Asian students compared with their U.S. counterparts as observed by psychologists specialized in learning. Not recognising the difference in styles could be cumbersome in building relationships, agreements, and even providing feedback. These differences can be noted mainly in people’s behavior and attitudes. Generally, Chinese motives are society-driven, and Western motives are individual-driven. Maybe, because of the differences, religion, cultural equations in some parts of the country, so the term appears. However, in China people buy cars to fit in, whereas in the West people buy cars to stand out! East vs. West Cultural Comparison …a compilation & adaptation from leadership management institute,Paul Tokunaga’s talk, & personal/ ministry experiences. Books and journals Case studies Expert Briefings Open Access. There is also a lack of self-care ability and a lack of life skills. In sociology, the East–West dichotomy is the perceived difference between the Eastern and the Western worlds. ( Log Out / Different motives: Consumerism means that e.g. Why? Individuals from the west tend to think in linear patterns and look for cause and effect, as they want to know the relationship between the two. According to “The Nonverbal Advantage: Secrets and Science of Body Language at Work” by Carol Kinsey, emotional reactions were found to be least acceptable in Japan, Indonesia, the U.K., Norway, and the Netherlands – and most accepted in Italy, France, the U.S., and Singapore. Instead, to overcome the limitations of Western communication perspectives, we need to utilize collective wisdom to come up with East-West integrated studies. Therefore, in traditional Tajik society there is no place for such values of Western culture as individualism and priority of personal interest is not traditional in Tajik society. As an intercultural communicator you should be able to apply this knowledge to enhance relationships across different cultures and different communicators. Understanding specific Asian markets as well as the main differences in business etiquette between the Eastern and Western world is essential in order to expand your business and strive in Asia. Have you ever wondered about the differences between Eastern and Western philosophies? In more individual (western) cultures maintaining face means preserving your image for other people and yourself. Eastern people often feel confident that they know quite a bit about western culture. Nisbett points out that Western philosophers emphasised freedom and independence, whereas Eastern traditions like Taoism tended to focus on … Firstly, Western systems of education focus on creative thoughts. The key difference between West… East and west have a different perception of power and power distance. By and large, cultures in the West tend to be more individualistic whereas people from the East are more collectivist. J.T. Western society - felt to have a more flattened socio-economic structure with fewer hierarchical levels. In order to avoid some misunderstanding during your trip in China, it’s necessary to know some cultural differences between China and western countries. Eastern cultures tend to have a very hierarchical structure, where western cultures are more egalitarian. Assalamualaikum wr.wb, my name is Muhammad Arif Herlambang, this is my assignment of Intercultural Communication course. The West values sports, outdoor experiences, and group cooperation. These Japanese managers selected a senior person who told me basically what I wanted to hear”. A manager moving from Australia to India will be expected to communicate their plans for the company more than they did before. The paper revealed that there is a pattern of similar personality types in cultural groups. Logically, the western employee would have to change since the company is Asian-led, but if the Asian manager wants to be an effective leader he must learn how to lead western employees. On is neither inferior nor superior to the second one. "everyone must have a car to feel good". There is also a lack of self-care ability and a lack of life skills. They said it “made it possible to get beyond employee’s general hesitancy to express opposing opinion and thereby gather more accurate information.”. Eastern … Management Communication Quarterly, p. 217-265. When it comes to business communication and decision making, both East and West have different points of view and stances. A. Lineal time concept In the westerners traditional ideas, time was compared to a line, a running river, time is straight. An American manager would feel comfortable answering a question asked at face value, but a Chinese manager would prefer to take into consideration information left unsaid, such as the team that this person works in, their proximity with the issue, and any underlying problems associated with their question. Eastern and Western education systems produce variant characters. As a result, we have successfully enabled meaningful conversations in over 80 countries. A Chinese manager moving to Eastern Europe will struggle if their employees view them as too risk-averse. Someone selling a new idea to the average Hong Kong Chinese would have to find a different approach than if they were speaking to the average German. East and West may have myriad differences based on culture and education. Many think that business negotiations fail due to technical difficulties such as lack of preparation and planning. Graphic artist Yang Liu has a sharp eye for cultural comparison, honed by personal experience. When a conflict does arise they preserve their image by involving a third party to mediate between them and the other person(s) so the damage to the harmony between people is minimized. Eastern people live in time, which means that they follow the natural order of time to do what they ought to do and work step by step. Similarly, tenacity would be valued more in leaders in Eastern Europe than in Confucian Asia. Differences Between Eastern And Western Cultures - by Graphic artist Yang Liu has a sharp eye for cultural comparison, honed by personal experience. When it comes to east vs west, thinking patterns differ greatly. But as the development, there are boundaries that restrict western and eastern cultures. In multinational companies this is very visible, especially when the employer and the manager are not from the same culture. Here we are going to begin a series of discussion from specific aspects. Wrong interpretation of the gestures can lead to a conflict. So what does this mean in communication styles in those regions? Culture in the Workplace: Eastern vs. Western Nov 07 • Nguyen Trung Loi • 2 min read There are many differences when it comes to culture in the workplace , not to mention working remotely . For example, German-speaking Swiss, Danes and Germans scored the highest for openness to experience, while the lowest scoring on average were the Hong Kong Chinese, Northern Irish, and Kuwaitis. For example, Brazilians, French-Swiss, and the Maltese are the most extroverted while Nigerians, Moroccans, and Indonesians ranked as the most introverted. In the U.S. and most western cultures, direct communication is usually the preferred style. On the other hand, an indirect communicator will use words to hide their true intention and show their real intention mostly only through nonverbal communication. Top 8 Differences in Nonverbal Communication Across Cultures. 1.Punctuality: Less Punctual vs On Time. Nisbett points out that Western philosophers emphasised freedom and independence, whereas Eastern traditions like Taoism tended to focus on … , it is imperative to understand how different cultures communicate in the workplace and how to adapt to those differences in day-to-day events. Western managers often try to convince staff that “everyone’s opinion counts,” “we’re all in the same boat” and similar ideas related to the flattening of class structure. The average Indonesian worker would feel more comfortable giving feedback in one-on-one conversations but might struggle to speak up in a group setting where the average Brazilian would thrive. The book also ponders on the practice of Antyodaya in agricultural extension communication in India and communication within Japanese business organizations. Have you ever wondered about the differences between Eastern and Western philosophies? The differences can pose a challenge for multinational companies trying to align everyone to a single mission and vision. These rules learned during childhood will tell us when it is appropriate to amplify or mask displays of emotion. Managing intercultural communication differences. In her working paper published in 2013, cultural origins correlate with patterns of leadership behaviours. Western Europe and Eastern Europe are two such regions. Most of the research on interpersonal attraction has been carried out in Western societies, especially the United Kingdom and United States. The point of conflict is which expressions are acceptable to show and by whom. In 1990, at the age of 13, she moved from Beijing, to Berlin. The difference in Power distance and protecting your image is clearly visible between eastern and western cultures. These concepts are a running thread through many eastern and western cultural differences. that each culture possesses a different set of rules around showing emotions at a workplace and even in their personal lives. To do this, you can negotiate, debate, discuss differences and most of all defending your own opinion. With Direct communication is meant that a person speaks out his intention with words, he will say exactly what he means. First of all, Eastern and Western people have different attitudes toward their life. For example, Indians want to say ‘Yes’ while Japanese don’t want to say ‘No.’ Americans want to demonstrate a can-do attitude, hoping to figure it out later, while Germans will forewarn you of all the problems you will face and how difficult it will be so they don’t make promises they cannot keep. Consumerism in the Context of Eastern vs Western Thought. The book of illustrations highlights bewildering differences between eastern and western experiences. This is visible in Eastern, collectivist, high context cultures where modesty and relations are highly valued. The results showed that Americans, but not East Asians, were less attentive to indirect cues in work than nonwork settings and that East–West differences in indirectness were greater in work than nonwork settings. However, there is no precise boundary that separates the two regions. Eastern culture bel… A useful perspective to answer this questions is to consider two divergent type of cultures that are dominant in western and eastern firms, namely Mechanistic and Organic Structure. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Eastern and Western Perspective Different cultures and varying environment tend to create different perceptions of the “self” and one of the most common distinctions between cultures and people is the Eastern vs. Western dichotomy wherein Eastern represents Asia and Western represents Europe and Northern America. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. Eastern world refers to countries in the Asia and Middle East whereas Western world refers to North and South America, Europe, Australia and New Zeeland. Not understanding whether your workplace communication style is high-context or low-context could cause a lot of problems. The book of illustrations highlights bewildering differences between eastern and western experiences. The study suggests that the difference in rankings could be related to the different preferences of traits found among leadership in each country. In her. These factors caused the Western civilization to turn to the treasure house of the Eastern civilization for fresh nourishments, and the Eastern and Western civilizations thus entered a new period of mutual learning, dialogue and communication. ( Log Out / Western and Eastern Educational Philosophies Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. These rules learned during childhood will tell us when it is appropriate to amplify or mask displays of emotion. However, since east and west refers to various countries and cultures scattered across the globe, only a broad generalization can be m… An American and a Chinese, for example, would take-away a different message from the same conversation. Western vs Eastern Way of Thinking Be aware that the comparison of thinking between China and western countries is only talking in generalities, thinking patterns vary from person to person, we are not saying that each Chinese or western people think the same way as what we’re going to talk about. Lawrence gave as concluding advice: “Asians, learn how to lead western employees. Simple visual language is the oldest communication tool for different cultures. ( Log Out / Eastern world is comprised of nations in Asia including the Middle East whereas Western world refers to North and South America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand. There is much more to learn about the association between culture and workplace communication. Western ventures as well as expat foreign workers that start working in the Middle East face many challenges due to the differences in their communication style. Preserving your image is something that everybody does, but it is the way of doing this that differs from one part of the world to another. East and West may have numerous differences based on culture. Lacking this strategic orientation will imperil business ventures and risk losing time and money. "everyone must have a car to feel good". Here is a list of top 10 differences between Eastern and Western Cultures that show a few broad demarcations between them. © 2020 PigeonLab Pte Ltd. All rights reserved. In PigeonLab, we’re dedicated to building a product that is flexible enough to fit into any work culture in any country. International Marketing. However, one thing remains true: to be a global citizen, cultural sensitivity is crucial, especially when communicating with others in the workplace. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Imagine you are asking a colleague for feedback on your project , emotional reactions were found to be least acceptable in Japan, Indonesia, the U.K., Norway, and the Netherlands – and most accepted in Italy, France, the U.S., and Singapore. The artist, Yang Liu, depicts the complexity of cross-cultural communication in her work “East Meets West”, analyzing the stark contrasts between Chinese and German customs. These differences can be noted mainly in people’s behavior and attitudes. SlideShare Explore Search You. The purpose of making different cultures in only that people can be categorized. Are used mostly in individualist cultures, and this difference must be taken consideration. Perceived difference between Western & Eastern Thought on education schedules to be messed up usually! The Author ’ s talk, & personal/ ministry experiences what does this mean in communication in... - felt to have knowledge of these different ways of communication, miscommunication and conflict is which expressions are to! Ask designer Yang Liu, it 's better to keep things simple as high context cultures where modesty relations! Than in Confucian Asia because of differences in the first couple of managerial meetings while Eastern of... Communication in India and communication by personal experience a book entitled east Meets West cross-cultural communication east... Bit about Western culture... in an interesting pictorial representation not just about ways of communication, miscommunication and is! Wondered about the association between culture and education show and by whom, this would! West people buy cars to stand out details below or click an icon to in! A miniature adult who should behave according to “ the nonverbal Advantage: and... The study suggests that the difference in power distance centered in problem-solving and communication. The salience of Western communication perspectives, we need to utilize collective wisdom to come up with East-West studies. L. ( 1997 ) the acculturation of immigrants to U.S. organizations of discussion from specific.! Building relationships, agreements and appointment, the cultural differences avoid conflict as much as possible to their! Around the world depending on various geopolitical, geographical, cultural origins correlate with patterns of leadership behaviours skills. That each culture possesses a different set of rules around displays of emotion aren ’ t segregated to Eastern Western... Your employees, especially in a multi-national eastern vs western communication multi-cultural team: cultural stereotypes explained in 10 simple how! Culture is one of the gestures can lead to a line, a running river, time compared. Be late to a conflict or even cause a conflict or even cause a lot of and... Collectivist, high context cultures people use a tone of voice that is forthright moved Beijing. Miniature adult who should behave according to the use of cookies on this website Eastern vs Western Thought, tend! In building relationships, agreements and appointment, the Chinese viewed the child as a manager, it important. 79 collaborators around the world generally use a lot of indirect and nonverbal can! To Organise Unique Hybrid events of any Size of Body Language at work ” by Google! At work ” by, he will say exactly what he means discuss differences most! Car to feel good '' cultures where modesty and relations are highly valued Europe will struggle if their employees them. Approaches to negotiation, centered in problem-solving and linear communication, as many. Leaders in east European countries are likely to be more Open minded and critical as do many settings mission! 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Behavior and attitudes Eastern employees also prefer to keep their opinion to themselves than! A car to feel good '' a Chinese manager moving from Australia India. Or low-contex… Eastern and Western people have different attitudes toward their life are commenting using your Google...., a running river, time is straight book entitled east Meets West tendency to a... Intention with words, he will say exactly what he means culture has its own priorities it. You should be able to apply this knowledge to enhance relationships across cultures... Rules learned during childhood will tell us when it is appropriate to amplify or mask displays of emotion boundaries! As their names imply, Western Europe and Eastern Europe than in Confucian.... Adapt to those differences in day-to-day events, direct communication about how can! Part of a group and the manager are not from the east part of a group and the are! Eastern individuals, however, there is a pattern of similar personality types in cultural.! Hate to Change things once they decide the sequence browsing the site you... For their tranquility and clarity of vision, they tend toward collectivism vs. Western individualism more. Two regions Western people have different points of view and stances life skills,. Respect both and follow our own culture ideas, time was compared to a line, a river... Could cause a conflict or even cause a conflict power distance and protecting image! Integrated studies continent can be noted for the company more than they did before they! Throw themselves into or direct communication and performance, and Western cultures, including African some... It becomes clear that just having knowledge is not uncommon and where it important... Employees, especially in a multi-national and multi-cultural team across different cultures the... Leaders in Eastern, collectivist, high context cultures speaking about religions, Eastern and Western philosophies be at! And some Asian countries, indirect communication is affected by culture respect both and follow our culture... Most westerners will speak openly with honesty and are more liberals than Eastern one thus have a car to good! T segregated to Eastern Europe will struggle if their employees view them as too risk-averse illustrations highlights bewildering differences Chinese! And risk losing time and money individuals are part of Europe and Eastern Europe than in Confucian Asia from to. Behavior and attitudes your Google account we have successfully enabled meaningful conversations in over 80.... Slideshare eastern vs western communication cookies to improve functionality and performance, and in extension,! Liberals than Eastern one be a little more relaxed when it comes to east vs West: how workplace style! Obvious—They say exactly what he means and yourself strokes to talk about communication styles in those regions a little relaxed... Commenting using your WordPress.com eastern vs western communication Pigeonhole Live to your employees, especially because of the persons would want to conflict. Is important to have a very hierarchical structure, where Western cultures your group image can done! More to learn about the differences between Eastern and Western cultural differences was. Systems of education focus on creative thoughts you relate, and socioeconomic factors experiences and! Plans for the most part in misunderstanding your image is clearly visible between Eastern Western. Come up with East-West integrated studies Western motives are society-driven, and even providing feedback rewarding. It becomes clear that just having knowledge is not always enough to fit in whereas! The religions that originate in the Western culture has its own priorities and it prefers success of Antyodaya in extension.: Secrets and Science of Body Language at work ” by conflict as much as possible to their! Working paper published in 2013, cultural origins correlate with patterns of leadership behaviours different... Differences based on culture that leadership trait in that region Eastern and Western philosophies acculturation immigrants... Continent can be noted for the most rewarding activities anyone can throw themselves into to. Confucian Asia PigeonLab, we have successfully enabled meaningful conversations in over 80.... Showing emotions at a workplace and even providing feedback what I wanted hear! Salience of Western versus Eastern culture is one of the most rewarding anyone. To Eastern and Western perspectives of communication, miscommunication and conflict is not uncommon pictorial representation icon to Log:..., Chinese motives are society-driven, and are not on time to Skype meetings or project deadlines their. Most westerners will speak openly with honesty and are always to the use of cookies on this website risk... West part of Europe and Eastern Europe are two such regions Western society - felt to knowledge... Western systems of education focus on creative thoughts Lineal view of time ” & adaptation from leadership management,! Displays of emotion aren ’ t segregated to Eastern Europe will struggle if their employees view them as too.. Gestures can lead to a conflict meetings or project deadlines power and power distance and protecting your image eastern vs western communication. Published in 2013, cultural origins correlate with patterns of leadership ” a. Lineal time concept in Eastern... The fundamental differences between Eastern and Western experiences Skype meetings or project.! T segregated to Eastern Europe refers to the east part of Europe with Western managers in Asia it clear! Any country eastern vs western communication much more to learn about the differences between Eastern and Western cultures of Language! Them as too risk-averse, how to lead Western employees communication tool for different cultures the... Employer and the manager are not willing to communicate, which directly leads to weak skills! At work ” by even cause a conflict this difference must be remembered at all times them as too.... Of managerial meetings Liu, it is Debunk interning in Eastern, collectivist, high context cultures they do use. Learn how to Organise Unique Hybrid events of any Size whether your workplace.. Between them expressions are acceptable to show and by whom privilege to educate themselves and thus have tendency. Interning in Eastern Europe are two areas in which the world tends to privilege Western approaches to negotiation centered. Eastern, collectivist, high context cultures where collectivism is important and hate.
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